Hawaiian Lessons

HA’AWINA ‘EHIKU – Lesson Seven

Papa'ölelo

aia i hea - where is/are
mahalo nui loa - thank you very much
anei - (used in interrogatives indicating a question, not translated)
manawa - time (ke)
'eke - bag, purse
nüpepa - newspaper
hae - flag
päpale - hat
këia manawa - right now
peni - pen
lokomaika'i - generous, gracious, kind
pepa - paper
ma hea - where is/are

Aia and Possessive Locational Sentences

Aia is also used to describe situations when someone has something.

Po'o aia + piko + 'awe location

Aia ka puke a ka haumäna i ka 'ïlio - The dog has the student's book
Aia ke 'eke a ka wahine i ke kumu - The teacher has the woman's bag
Aia ka hae i këlä käne - That man has the flag

k possessives versus k-less. Possessives are divided into a and o categories, and in addition, the k and k-less categories. Example:

k: ka'u (my) ko'u (my) k-less: a'u (my) o'u (my)

1) if the article (ka'i) is supplied elsewhere example: ka hale o'u - the house of mine/ my house
2) if the sentence has a number (negative, zero and up) in place of the article.
This will be explained in a later lesson dealing with numbers and possessives.

k possessives O : ko’u, kou, kona, ko käua, ko mäua, ko käkou, ko mäkou, ko läua, ko läkou
k-less possessives O : o’u, ou, ona, o käua, o mäua, o käkou, o mäkou. o läua, o läkou
k possessives A : ka’u, käu, käna, kä käua, kä mäua, ka käkou, ka mäkou, ka läua, ka läkou
k-less possessives A : a’u, au, ana, a käu, a mäua, a käkou, a mäkou, a läua, a läkou

When the possessor is a kikino, ko and kä are placed directly in front of the ka'i of the kikino. If the possessor is an i'oa, ko and kä are placed directly in front of the i'oa.

Kä ka pöpoki mea 'ai. - The cat's food.
Ko ke kanaka käma'a. - The person's shoe.
Kä Manu pepa. - Manu's paper.

This form is an alternative to using the k-less possessives.

Ka mea 'ai a ka pöpoki. - The cat's food.
Ke käma'a o ke kanaka. - The person's shoe.
Ka pepa a Manu. - Manu's paper.

Later you will learn more uses of ko and kä.

Directionals. There are four words in Hawaiian that follow verbs indicating the direction or movement in which something is happening or being done. Sometimes they are not translated into English.

1) mai: toward the speaker
2) aku: away from the speaker
3) iho: in a downward direction
4) a'e: upward, back and forth, sideways

hele mai -- come (toward the speaker)
hele aku - go (away from the speaker)
hä'awi mai - give (to the speaker)
hä'awi aku - give away
kü'ai mai - buy
kü'ai aku - sell
lawe mai - bring
lawe aku - take
'ai iho - eat (iho is not translated)
kelepona a'e - telephone; to call by phone (a'e is not translated)

Ka pepeke nono'a me "he": he pattern to describe "to have". The verb "to have" doesn't exist in Hawaiian but there is another way to express that thought by using "he":

he + thing possessed + ko/kä + possessor

He mea'ai kä käua - we have food
He pöpoki kä Malu - Malu has a cat
He kupuna lokomaika'i ko'u - I have a kind grandparent
He puke kä kou hoaaloha - your friend has a book
He lumi ko ka wahine - the woman has a room
He penikala kä ka haumäna - the student has a pencil
He ka'a ko ko'u tutu - my grandma has a car

To indicate a helunui (plural), just add mau in front of the kikino.

he + mau + thing possessed + ko/kä + possessor

He mau manu kä ke keikikäne - The boy has birds
He mau noho ko 'oukou - you (more than two) have chairs
He mau pepa käu - you have papers
He mau päpale ko nä wähine - The women have hats


Päpä'ölelo


Ulu: E Näwa'a, 'ike anei 'oe, aia i hea ko'u käma'a? Hey Näwa'a, do you see where my shoe is?

Näwa'a: 'Ae, ua 'ike wau i kou käma'a i ke alanui. Yes, I saw your shoe on the road.

Ulu: Auë! Ua lawe aku ka'u 'ïlio kolohe i ke käma'a! Oh no! My rascal dog took the shoe.

Näwa'a: 'A'ole pilikia. E lawe mai ana au i kou käma'a. No problem. I'll bring your shoe.

Ulu: Mahalo nui loa. E kelepona a'e au i ka'u wahine, no ka mea 'a'ole 'o ia i 'ike. Aia 'o ia i ka hana i këia lä. Thank you very much. I'll call my wife because she didn't know. She is at work today.

Näwa'a: A ma hea kou 'ïlio kolohe? And where is your mischievous dog?

Ulu: Aia 'o ia ma 'ö. 'Ike 'oe iä ia? Auë! Aia iä ia ko'u päpale hou i këia manawa!
He is over there. Do you see him? Oh no! He has my new hat right now!

marloncori@hotmail.com
marlon@aluno.unb.br

E 'ölelo Hawai'i käkou!!!